SCIN131-Introduction to Chemistry-APUS-Lesson 4 Assignment

Part 1 of 3 - 20.0/ 20.0 Points Question 1 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?  A.Infrared Radiation  B.Radio Waves  C.X-rays  D.Microwaves  E.Gamma Rays Answer Key: E Question 2 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points The distance between adjacent wave crests is called  A.nu.  B.frequency.  C.wavelength.  D.trough.  E.none of the above Answer Key: C Question 3 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following atoms is the largest?  A.Rb  B.Cs  C.Na  D.K  E.Li Answer Key: B Question 4 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which orbital would the electron of a ground state hydrogen atom occupy?  A.1s  B.2p  C.1p  D.0s  E.none of the above Answer Key: A Question 5 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points What is the correct order of the electromagnetic spectrum from shortest wavelength to longest?  A.Gamma Rays→X-rays→Visible Light→Ultraviolet Radiation→Infrared Radiation→Microwaves→Radio Waves  B.Gamma Rays→X-rays→Ultraviolet Radiation→Visible Light→Infrared Radiation→Microwaves→Radio Waves  C.Visible Light→Infrared Radiation→Microwaves→Radio Waves→Gamma Rays→X-rays→Ultraviolet Radiation  D.Radio Waves→X-rays→Ultraviolet Radiation→Visible Light→Infrared Radiation→Microwaves→Gamma Rays  E.Gamma Rays→X-rays→Infrared Radiation→Visible Light→Ultraviolet Radiation→Microwaves→Radio Waves Answer Key: B

Part 2 of 3 - 20.0/ 20.0 Points Question 6 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following compounds have resonance structures?  A.H2O  B.O3  C.NH3  D.CH4  E.None of the compounds have resonance structures. Answer Key: B Question 7 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points What is the molecular geometry of NH4+?  A.tetrahedral  B.linear  C.trigonal pyramidal  D.bent  E.not enough information Answer Key: A Question 8 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points What is the molecular geometry if you have a double bond, a single bond and 1 lone pair around the central atom?  A.trigonal pyramidal  B.linear  C.tetrahedral  D.bent  E.not enough information Answer Key: D Question 9 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following statements about the water molecule is TRUE?  A.A water molecule has two dipole moments and they cancel each other.  B.A water molecule is symmetrical and therefore is nonpolar.  C.The electronegativities of hydrogen and oxygen are equal and therefore a water molecule is nonpolar.  D.A water molecule is asymmetric and therefore is polar.  E.none of the above Answer Key: D Question 10 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points What is the molecular geometry of CCl4?  A.tetrahedral  B.bent  C.trigonal pyramidal  D.linear  E.not enough information Answer Key: A

Part 3 of 3 - 10.0/ 10.0 Points Question 11 of 12 5.0/ 5.0 Points What is the electron configuration for S? Electron configuration of S is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 or [Ne] 3s2 3p4 Feedback: Electron Configurations are in Chapter 9 Question 12 of 12 5.0/ 5.0 Points State the octet rule. The octet rule states that atoms will react with each other in a way that will give them eight electrons in their valence shell (outer most electron shell) It makes them stable. Usually octet rule refers to electrons in s and p orbitals Feedback: This is discussed in chapter 10

Part 1 of 3 - 20.0/ 20.0 Points Question 1 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which color of the visible spectrum has the shortest wavelength (400 nm)?  A.orange  B.red  C.green  D.violet  E.yellow Answer Key: D Question 2 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points The element with a completely filled p-subshell is  A.Na.  B.P.  C.Ar.  D.Al.  E.none of the above Answer Key: C Question 3 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength?  A.Infrared Radiation  B.Radio Waves  C.Gamma Rays  D.Microwaves  E.X-rays Answer Key: B Question 4 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which among the following statements is TRUE?  A.The wavelength of light is inversely related to its energy.  B.As the wavelength increases, the frequency also increases.  C.Red light has a shorter wavelength than violet light.  D.As the energy increases, the frequency of radiation decreases.  E.none of the above Answer Key: A Question 5 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which color of the visible spectrum has the longest wavelength (750 nm)?  A.yellow  B.orange  C.green  D.violet  E.red Answer Key: E

Part 2 of 3 - 20.0/ 20.0 Points Question 6 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which symbol should be used between two structures that represent resonance structures?  A.↔  B.←  C.→  D.≡  E.none of the above Answer Key: A Question 7 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points When a nonmetal bonds with a nonmetal  A.electrons are shared.  B.a molecular compound forms.  C.a covalent bond is involved.  D.all of the above are true  E.none of the above Answer Key: D Question 8 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which term matches the definition: A separation of charge within a bond.  A.coulombic attraction  B.electronegativity  C.polar covalent  D.nonpolar covalent  E.dipole moment Answer Key: E Question 9 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points The total number of electrons to be counted for the Lewis structure of the PO43- polyatomic ion is  A.32.  B.8.  C.29.  D.26.  E.none of the above Answer Key: A Question 10 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points What is the molecular geometry of ozone, O3?  A.tetrahedral  B.trigonal pyramidal  C.bent  D.linear  E.not enough information Answer Key: C

Part 3 of 3 - 10.0/ 10.0 Points Question 11 of 12 5.0/ 5.0 Points State the octet rule. The octet rule states that atoms will react with each other in a way that will give them eight electrons in their valence shell (outer most electron shell) making them more stable.  Feedback: This is discussed in chapter 10 Question 12 of 12 5.0/ 5.0 Points What is the electron configuration for S? Electronic configuration of Sulfur is 1s22s22p63s23p4 or [Ne] 3s2 3p4 Feedback: Electron Configurations are in Chapter 9

Part 1 of 3 - 16.0/ 20.0 Points Question 1 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which orbital is represented as a sphere?  A.s  B.p  C.d  D.f  E.not enough information Answer Key: A Feedback: Good. See section 9.5 Question 2 of 12 0.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following is TRUE regarding atomic size?  A.increases up a group and diagonally across the Periodic Table.  B.increases down a group and from left to right across a period.  C.increases up a group and from left to right across a period.  D.increases up a group and from right to left across a period.  E.increases down a group and from right to left across a period. Answer Key: E Question 3 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points In the fifth principal shell, you would expect to find how many how many subshells?  A.4  B.3  C.2  D.5  E.1 Answer Key: D Feedback: Good. See section 9.6 Question 4 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points If I measure the distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next wave, what have I measured?  A.frequency.  B.spectrum  C.amplitude  D.tidal distance  E.wavelength. Answer Key: E Feedback: Good. See section 9.3 Question 5 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following has the largest atomic size?  A.Li  B.Ca  C.K  D.Cs  E.Mg Answer Key: D Feedback: Good. See section 9.9

Part 2 of 3 - 16.0/ 16.0 Points Question 6 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following elements can NEVER have a double bond?  A.sulfur  B.carbon  C.chlorine  D.oxygen  E.nitrogen Answer Key: C Feedback: good. see 10.5 Question 7 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points How many total electrons would be used to draw the lewis structure of the nitrate ion?  A.24 electrons  B.31 electrons  C.23 electrons  D.22 electrons Answer Key: A Feedback: see 10.5 Question 8 of 12 0.0/ 0.0 Points The lewis structure of an atom of phosphorous has how many unpaired electrons (dots)?  A.5  B.3  C.7  D.2 Answer Key: B Question 9 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Draw the lewis structure of silicon tetrachloride. What is the associated molecular geometry?  A.trigonal pyramidal  B.bent  C.linear  D.tetrahedral  E.trigonal planar Answer Key: D Feedback: Good. See section 10.7 Question 10 of 12 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following bonds is the strongest?  A.single  B.double  C.triple  D.these are all equal in strength Answer Key: C

Part 3 of 3 - 0.0/ 10.0 Points Question 11 of 12 0.0/ 5.0 Points The octet rule is extremely important in science. Answer the following regarding the octet rule. What is it? Why is it important relative to what we learned in this lesson? Are there any exceptions to this rule? If so, explain in detail. Be sure to base your answer on what we discussed in THIS class and use the terminology from the course materials. The Octet rule states that atoms will react with each other in a way that will give them eight electrons in their valence shell (Outer most electron shell). It makes them stable. Usually octet rule refers to electrons in s and p orbitals. For example take a look at Carbon. It has four valence electrons and if we were to draw its Lewis dot structure, we would see one electron on each side of the Carbon. For that reason, Carbon is highly reactive where it can bond with almost anything! And this rooted the separate branch of chemistry namely "Organic Chemistry". So as it determines the type of bonding, its really important in Science and we have learned about different types of bonds in this lesson and thats the relevant part here about Octet rule.  There are three general exceptions to the octet rule:  (1) Molecules, with an odd number of electrons : Because most molecules or ions that consist of s- and p-block elements contain even numbers of electrons, their bonding can be described using a model that assigns every electron to either a bonding pair or a lone pair. There are, however, a few molecules containing only p-block elements that have an odd number of electrons. (2) Molecules in which one or more atoms possess more than eight electrons, such as SF6 : The most common exception to the octet rule is a molecule or an ion with at least one atom that possesses more than an octet of electrons.  (3) Molecules, in which one or more atoms possess less than eight electrons, such as BCl3 : Molecules with atoms that possess less than an octet of electrons generally contain the lighter s and p block elements, especially beryllium, typically with just four electrons around the central atom, and boron, typically with six.  Feedback: This is discussed in chapters 9 and 10 Question 12 of 12 0.0/ 5.0 Points What are the full and abbreviated electron configurations for the following elements. Be sure to explain how you arrived at this configuration.  Explain it to me--don't just give me the configuration. a) Arsenic b) Tungsten a) Arsenic:  Atomic number of Arsenic is 33, Full Electronic Configuration : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p3 So total electrons in the first, second , third and fourth subshells are 2,,8,18,5, which means it has 5 valence shells.  Abbreviated Electronic Configuration : As the nearest noble gas is Argon (Stable), the abbreviated electronic configuration can be given as :   [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p3 b) Tungsten:  Atomic number of Tungsten is 74, Full Electronic Configuration : 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d4 6s2 So total electrons in the first, second , third,  fourth, fifth and sixth subshells are 2,,8,18,32,12 and 2 which means it has 2 valence shells.  Abbreviated Electronic Configuration : As the nearest noble gas is Xenon (Stable), the abbreviated electronic configuration can be given as :  [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2 Model Short Answer: chapter 9 Feedback: chapter 9